Energy crops
The big advantage of energy crops is multipurpose: many different products can be derived from it, for example energy, feed, food, fibre. Energy crops divided into:
- cellulose and solid crops: cereal straw, short rotation forest, herbaceous crops
- oil crops: hemp, rapeseed, olive, etc
- sugar and starch crops: sugarcane, cereals, potato, etc.
Ideal energy crop should be with low costs of production and high yield; composition has to be with low volume of contaminants and low nutrient rations. Also climate, access to water and composition of solid influence on which energy crops can be cultivated. For example, in Sweden, cold weather limit amount of crops with high yield. Such crops are using in solid fuel combustion: willow, straw, spruce, poplar pine cereal kernels and reed canary grass. Biogas can be derived from different agricultural plant, to produce biodiesel they use rapeseed, cereals s used to get ethanol or for fermentation.
One of the best energy crops for cold climates is Reed canary grass (Phalarisarundinacea L.) (RCG). Field trials show that RCG harvested in spring has higher results in northern part of Sweden (8-9 tonnes dry mass (ha)-1.) in compare on the south, where warm weather and lot of rain limit yield.
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